Social Life & Customs |
Muslims regard Islam as an integral part of daily life, resulting in an ordered society in which a person's social, spiritual and economic status is clearly defined. This way of life is for the most part drawn from the Quran. Greetings and replies in particular are formal and stylised. Manners and courtesy reflect a deeply-held convention of hospitality and mutual respect. It is customary for Muslim households to extend hospitality to people whom Western society would disregard socially. For instance, tradition dictates that anyone who appears at meal times must be invited to share the meal, and this would apply as much to strangers or tradesmen, whatever the reason for their call, as it would to friends or relatives. Hospitality was a part of Arab culture before Islam and the laws and teaching of Islam reinforced it. Subjects such as illness or death are not surrounded by taboo as they are in many Western societies, and are discussed with frankness by all. Muslims are encouraged to have close relationships and keep an open heart, an understanding of others and to try and help with their problems. The label of a family can cover any number of individuals rather than just those related by blood ties. Arab families are close-knit, and the importance of family unity cannot be stressed too strongly. Inter-family disputes are a cause for public shame and require immediate attention. Giving and receiving Always use the right hand. To offer gifts with the left hand is considered an insult. Gambling is considered by most Islamic countries to be an evil, and is strictly outlawed. Although many countries cultivate hashish or marijuana, it is not culturally acceptable and in the majority of countries the possession, use or trading of drugs is severely punished. Drug abuse is not permitted in Islam, particularly hard drugs such as heroin, morphine or cocaine, but also any drug which interferes with the consciousness, reasoning or judgment, affecting work, study or family life. The consumption of alcohol is forbidden by law. Many non-practising Muslims will, however, drink alcohol and will offer drinks to guests when outside their own country. Most Islamic countries (with the exception of Libya, Saudi Arabia and Kuwait) permit the sale and consumption of alcohol by non-Muslims. Generally the sale of alcohol will be confined to international hotels, but visitors may in some cases buy alcohol from wholesalers with a permit from their company or local Embassy. Bars are usually closed during Ramadan. Never drink alcohol while eating. Drunkenness is considered disgraceful, and the visitor is advised to never consume more than he or she can gracefully manage. Smoking is also discouraged in Islam because of the health hazards associated with it. However, do not refuse a cigarette unless you are an ardent non-smoker, as an offer of a cigarette is often a compliment, especially from one's host. If invited to smoke a narghileh (hookah) do not refuse and follow the ritual behavior exhibited. This essentially social activity is popular in some (Pakistan), but by no means all, Arab countries. Pork
is forbidden by Islamic law and all meat is killed by cutting
the animal's throat and draining the blood. This is called
halal meat. It is customary for the host/hostess to cut
up whole items of food (especially with mezzeh, the
Arabic equivalent of hors d'oeuvres) and distribute them. It
is also customary to offer guests the most succulent parts of
the meal, often the entrails or eyes. To refuse these is
considered an insult. In restaurants the person who makes the
invitation pays the bill and it is considered an insult to
contravene. There follows a short list of Arabic greetings
and phrases. The transliterations are phonetic and intended to
assist pronunciation. These are derived in
part from religious beliefs and in part from climatic
necessity. Western business suits are only practical during
the summer if they are lightweight. Businessmen will be
accepted if they wear open-necked shirts, as long as they are
well turned out. Women are advised not to wear revealing
clothes as this will attract unwelcome attention or ridicule
at best, and resentment and hostility at worst. Women should
also cover their heads when entering a Mosque. Muslim women
are generally advised to show face and hands only. Do
not sit in a position which places the soles of the feet
towards anyone, as this is considered a deliberate insult.
Shoes should be removed upon entering a Mosque or a
house. Remember the position that women hold in Islam , and that some gestures considered normal by westerners can be interpreted as serious insults. Divorce and marriage are considered civil matters and while divorce is not a common practice it is relatively easy. Adultery is considered an insult to Allah and society and severely punished, often by flogging, but sometimes by stoning |
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